Modern scientific practices are concerned with obtaining results in a socially conscious and responsible manner, minimizing external impacts. Recent papers including Strubell, Ganesh, McCallum 2019 “Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLP arXiv note the energy consumption impacts of machine learning and AI. A tech ethics leader pushing for responsible AI was abruptly fired. Critical challenges in efficient food and packaging supply chains include plastic recycling, plastic ocean patches. and human factors such as child slavery in chocolate production. The American Geophysics Union (AGU) reorganized sections including Science and Society and GeoHealth oriented around the intersection science has with human well-being and government policies.

Companies increasingly use systems approaches to product quality and minimizing external costs. Goodnow Farms chocolate production of top-quality confectioneries considers the whole cacao lifecycle. Each chocolate type has an associated story and photo book showing the local farmer’s process.